NEWS

NEWS

NEWS

2022.08.30

发票有记载错误时需要修改

首先

在发票制度下,有遗漏记载或记载错误的发票,不允许作为进项税额被扣除。有必要要求客户重新发送修改后的发票吗?

发票记载有错误的情况

在发票制度下,满足特定记载要求的发票的保存,是抵免进项税额的首要条件,因此,即使保存了有记载错误的发票,也不能申请进项税额抵免。 此项发票制度,开具发票的卖家企业,如果所交付的发票上有信息缺陷或错误,则买方企业有义务要求,卖家重新交付更正过的发票。

如果买方发现开具的发票有错误,原则上需要要求卖方更正发票,并以正确的内容重新开具发票。买家不得自行更正错误发票。

也可以由买方处理

作为在收到的发票上发现记载错误时的应对措施,买方可以重新制作记载正确内容的采购明细书等文件,并由卖方核实,将该采购明细书等作为修改发票使用。在这种情况下,卖方不必交付另一张修订的发票。

本来,发票的修改仅限于开具发票的人,但制作出另一份文件,也可以作为正确的发票(修正发票)使用。
而该文件的制作,并不限于最初开具发票的人。

也就是说,在发票上有记载错误的情况下,即使是买方也可以制作正确的发票。发票制度要求卖方和买方双方保存正确的发票,但关于发票记载错误时的应对方法是灵活的。卖方和买方都可以采取有关修改的行动。

然而,两者各自的修改是不允许的

修改后的发票,以下两种交付方法被认可:①纠正错误的信息,并交付包含所列全部项目的修改后的发票;②澄清修改后的发票与原发票的相关性,并交付明确说明修改事项的发票。

只要买方自身不允许对发票进行追记和修改,那么发现错误的人要通过电话联系对方,确认好修改的地方,两者分别各自修改发票的对应方法是不允许的。

目前为止,账单有错误的时候,可以在电话上确认有记载错误的部分,两者进行了修正,但是在发票制度下,这样的修正是不被认可的,所以请注意。

如果发现错误,最简单和最可靠的做法是给对方打电话,要求他们重新开具更正的发票。 必须避免出现因发票不正确而不允许抵免进项税额的情况。

什么是信用担保协会?

首先

我想很多公司都是通过信用担保来来接受贷款的。让我们一起重新再看一下信用担保协会担保的贷款。

什么是信用担保协会?

信用担保协会是指,担保银行对公司的贷款来促进融资,并为公司的发展提供财政支持的机构。 在日本全国47个都道府县中,每个县至少有一个信用担保协会。 银行可以放心地提供由信用担保协会担保的贷款,因为如果公司无法偿还贷款,信用担保协会将替代公司偿还,银行可以放心向企业放贷。只是,司在接受贷款时要向信用担保协会支付担保费。

专业贷款和担保协会贷款

银行贷款可分为专业贷款和信用担保协会担保贷款。这一差异在于,如果未来公司无法偿还贷款,哪里会承担坏账。如果是专业贷款的话,银行会100%承担,但是如果是保证贷款的话,信用保证协会会代替企业向银行偿还。这叫做代位偿还。代位偿还后,信用保证协会代替银行成为公司的债权人。信用保证协会通过代位偿还承担的比例是融资余额的80%,但根据利用的保证制度,也有100%承担的情况。

除此之外,还有由非信用担保协会担任的准银行金融机构作为但保公司的银行贷款。但是,专业贷款和信用保证协会保证贷款依然是主流。

信用担保协会担保贷款的特点

因为专业贷款由银行承担100%的贷款损失,所以贷款审查当然会变得严格。
因此,无法轻易获得专业贷款的公司,会在信用保证协会的担保下从银行获得贷款。

刚创业的公司和创业2~3年左右的公司还没有从银行获得过贷款的公司,一般是通过保证协会保证贷款或日本政策金融公库的国民生活事业获得贷款。

公司成长后业绩和财务内容变好,如果有偿还贷款的实绩的话,就可以从银行获得专业贷款。

信用担保协会担保贷款的优势

公司利用信用担保协会的主要原因是很难从银行获得专业贷款,信用担保协会担保贷款也有其他的一定好处。

国家和地方公共团体确立了能在信用担保协会担保的前提下进行贷款的机构货代。机构贷款中,有低息贷款、贴息贷款、还有的贷款是,向信用担保协会支付的担保费部分或全部给予补贴。通过使用这些机构贷款,可以节省利息和担保费。

此外,信用担保协会担保贷款的还款期可能比专业贷款更长。还款期越长,还款期中间出现无法偿还债务的风险就越大,所以银行会尽量缩短还款期。

而且,信用保证担保贷款的情况并非仅如此。 即使是周转资金也可以在7-10年的较长时期内进行融资。

契据贷款和票据贷款以外的银行贷款是什么?

首先

从银行贷款的方法不仅仅是契据货款和票据贷款。了解融资的类型和方法,并将其用于公司的现金流。

往来账户透支贷款的概要

往来账户透支贷款,它设定了贷款限额,借款人可以在限额内,自由借贷。 例如,如果你设定的透支限额为1亿日元,你可以在1亿日元的限额内随时借款和还款。
※贷款限额:指根抵押权人根据根抵押权获得优先偿还的最大限额

透支贷款的好处是,如上所述,随时都可以借或还。利息会根据借的金额和天数而变化,所以在资金充裕的时候返还的话可以节约利息。

为了能够使用透支贷款,需要通过银行的审查,并与银行签订往来账户透支贷款协议。目前透支贷款被认为是银行融资中审查最严格的。因为与契据货款和票据贷款不同,没有规定偿还日期,可以一直借借贷下去。未确定还款日期,银行就不能要求按期还款。借款限额超过1000万日元的短期透支,除非是非常好的公司,否则很难通过审查。很想改善公司的财务状况和业绩,以便通过银行审查,并可设立透支贷款。

票据贴现是指?

票据贴现是指,当公司进行销售,并不是以现金而是以客户开出的票据收取其应收账款时,再由银行购买此票据而获得现金的一种资金调整方法。到手的收款票据,银行要在到期日才收回的。但是,如果票据不兑现,银行就无法收回,并要求贴现票据的公司归还它所支付的资金。 在票据到期收回之前,就同银行向贴现票据的公司提供贷款一样,票据贴现可以被视为一种融资方法。

票据贴现是银行融资的一种方法,但它的优点是贷款金额不会增加,因为它不在资产负债表上记录为贷款,与其他融资方法比,不会一眼看到财务报表就马上知道公司的财务状况。 另一个好处是,购买票据的银行通过在到期日收回票据来偿还,所以基本上不需要偿还。

在票据贴现中,不仅贴现票据的公司,而且签发贴现票据的公司,即票据的出票人,也要接受收到银行的审查。 如果通过审查了,银行将能够提供票据贴现,但在开始时,申请票据贴现时,银行往往都要进行审查,审查频度要多一些。

票据贴现是银行融资的4种方法(契据货款、票据贷款、短期透支、票据贴现)中,作为银行最容易进行的融资方法。因此,即使收到票据,最好将其放在手边而不贴现,并通过票据贴现以外的贷款从银行获得周转资金。
因为票据贴现是随时都容易进行的融资方法,所以将其保存起来以备不时之需。

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