NEWS

NEWS

NEWS

2023.10.30

发票制度开始后的交际费5,000日元的基准

首先

如果在非发票开具企业的餐馆就餐,则必须将不符合进项税额扣除对象的金额加到主价格上,然后才能做出决定。

招待饮食费5,000日元基准

在税务方面,用于招待客户时的交际费在每人5,000日元或以下的费用可以不计入招待费用。

有些公司可能会采用这一规则,将每人5,000日元或以下的餐饮费用计入会议费用,而不是招待费用。

是否在5,000日元以下的判定根据会计方式不同而不同,如会计方式时含税会计则用含税金额来判断,不含税会计则用不含税金额来判断。

发票制度启动后,5,000日元基准也没有变更。但是,对于采用不含税会计的企业来说,在非发票开具企业餐厅就餐,必须将不属于进项税额扣除对象的部分包含在本体价格中。

因此,在不属于发票开具企业的餐馆用餐时,5,000日元基准的边界实际上并不是5,000日元。

如果在开具发票的餐馆就餐,则将继续按照以前的5,000日元基准进行判定。

10月1日以后的分界线是?

2023年10月1日以后,确定非发票开具企业的餐厅店内食品和饮料5,000日元基准(适用税率为 10%)的边界线如下。

期间 分界线
2023年10月1日~2026年9月30日 4,902日元
2026年10月1日~2029年9月30日 4,762日元
2029年10月1日~ 4,545日元

从2023年10月1日开始的3年内,为了将相当于进项税额的20%包含在等价额中,即每人"不含税4,902日元(含税5,393日元,从2026年10月1日开始的3年内,为了将相当于进项税额的50%的金额包含在等价额中,因此分界线为每人"不含税4,762日元(含税5,239日元)"。

由于计算公式过于详细,故省略,如有兴趣,请查阅。

企业负担沉重

一些大公司修改了Excel中的餐饮报销表格,并建立了自动判定5,000日元基准的格式,但企业需要手动确定招待费的情况是不可避免,可以说企业的负担也很重。

招待费不超过800万日元的中小型企业可以不考虑5,000日元的基准,将客户招待费都视为招待费,无论金额多少。

董事人员自己住宅为公司住宅的房租是多少?

首先

在家族企业中,董事人员一般租用公司的社宅为住房(公司行政人员住房)为公司所用的情况是很常见的。让我们来看看在这种情况下支付的租金。

合同金额的二分之一也可以

对于董事人员来说,租用公司的社宅的情况下的话呢,应向公司支付多少房租合适呢。

一般来说,常用的计算方法是"公司支付给房地产所有者的金额÷2",如果采用这种方法,通常不会发生税务问题。

不过,即使不发生税务问题,也有可能设定较低的房租。所得税基本通知中记载了以建筑物和土地的固定资产税课税标准额为基准的计算方法。

因此,请考虑按照"公司支付给房地产所有者的金额÷2"计算的租金和以所得税基本通知中记载的建筑物和土地的固定资产税课税标准额为基准计算的房租哪个更有利。

基本通知基础有利的情况很多

以所得税基本通知中记载的建筑物和土地的固定资产税评价额为基准计算的房租通常会变小。

这样,家族董事就可以在不增加行政薪酬的情况下增加实得收入。换句话说,可以说家族董事可以在完全不增加行政薪酬面值的情况下增加实得收入。

但实际上,在很多情况下,公司支付的房租是"公司支付给房地产所有者的金额÷2"。

究其原因,在大约20年前,能得到土地和建筑物的固定资产税课税标准额的只有房地产所有者,从承租人的立场上不能得到固定资产税课税标准额。

也就是说,实际上有不得不用“公司支付给房地产所有者的金额÷2”来计算的时代。

但如今,即使从承租人的角度,也可以获得土地和建筑物的固定资产税评估值信息。

因此,如果公司按照旧习惯支付租金"公司支付给房地产所有者的金额÷2",则公司应考虑重新计算公司住宅房租。

无需征税即可搬迁

公司租金审查可用于将资金从公司转移到家庭成员个人。

通常情况下,从公司向家族成员转移的任何资金,无论是工资还是分红,都必须缴纳所得税和住宅税。

为董事提供的公司住房如果租金极低,就会被征税,但只要是按照上述方式提供的,就不会被征税。

使损益表正当美观的方法

首先

损益表有时可以不加修饰地变得更好看。让我们来看看一些具体的方法。

重要的利益在哪里

损益表包含以下“利润”:。来修改标记元素的显示属性。

①销售总利润 ②营业利润 ③经常利润 ④税前本期纯利润 ⑤本期纯利润

其中,②营业利润和③经常利润被认为是银行贷款审批的最重要因素。这些利润被认为比税前本期净利润和本期净利润更重要。

因为最能反映该公司实力的是营业利润和经常利润。税前本期净利润或本期净利润是考虑临时产生的特别利润或特别损失后的利润,因此可能并不代表该公司的正常盈利能力。

另外,虽然不是利润,但重要的是损益表上部记载的销售额。销售额越大,公司的规模越大,所需的周转资金和设备资金越大,可以说贷款金额容易增加。

正当的办法

银行重视上述利益、销售额,因此可以考虑下一步的办法。

  1. 要计入营业外收益的收益,能计入销售额的就计入销售额里。
  2. 打算计入特别利益的收益,能达到销售额的也计入销售额里。即使是销售额不能达到的东西,营业外收益能达到的销售也要计入营业外收益里。
  3. 拟计入销售费及一般管理费的费用,可造成特别损失的就计入特别损失里。即使不能造成特别损失,也能作为营业外费用的可以计入到营业外费用里。
  4. .拟计入营业外费用的费用,可成为特别损失的则计入到特别损失里。

从这4个角度考虑,就有可能将销售额、营业利益、经常利益正当地最大化。

如果正当地进行这些努力的话,损益表的外观会变好,信用等级变高,作为结果贷款审查变得容易通过等对公司来说是有利的。

具体怎么办

例如,营业外费用、特别损失都是企业本业中没有发生的费用损失。营业外损失和特别损失的区别如下。

【营业外损失】
每一期持续发生的费用,或者不持续发生的突发性但金额小的费用、损失

【特别损失】
突发且金额巨大的损失

“突然发生但金额小的费用”是营业外费用,但金额小到什么程度是则由各公司自行决定。在打算计入营业外费用的费用中,要考虑有没有可以计入特别损失的呢。

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