NEWS

NEWS

NEWS

2023.12.27

谨防支付给免税企业的报酬出现预扣错误。

首先

自该制度开始实施起至 2029年9月底的6年内,由于过渡性措施的实施,一定比例的免税企业采购可享受税收减免。 那么,预扣税额会怎么样呢?

预扣的想法没有变更

一般来说,某些报酬和费用,如演讲费和税务会计师费,应按含税价格(包括消费税等)预扣税款。 但是,如果演讲者或税务会计师开具的发票明确区分了报酬等的本体价格和消费税金额等,则仅对本体价格征收预扣税。说到底,原则上价格为含税价格,属特列情况下价格为不含税价格。

即使在发票制度下,上述处理是没有变更。这里的账单不一定是发票。免税企业是可以接受由发票开具企业以外的其他方开具的发票或交货单。

计入费用的额度与应缴纳预扣税的金额不相符。

根据消费税法,如果开票方为免税企业,则在发票制度下,付款方的进项税额将受过渡期的限制。

制度开始后的前3年是相当于进项税额的80%,接下来的3年相当于进项税额的50%是扣除进项税额的对象。但要注意的是,6年过渡期结束后,不能申请相当于进项税额全部税额的税收抵免。

对于法人税,应纳税所得额必须在“对价金额”中包含不符合进项税扣除条件的部分。如果发票方开具的发票上明确区分了主价和消费税金额等,则无论是否符合进项条件的部分,都将按照发票等上注明的主价征收预扣税税收减免。

例如,付款人向向免税经营者A支付2023年12月的演讲费55,000日元(含税)。

付款人适用消费税法规定的过渡措施,将相当于进项税额的80%作为进项税额扣除的对象。

在这种情况下,根据法人税法,不符合税扣除资格的金额的剩余20%,即1,000日元,在计算应纳税所得额时,已包含在报酬费中,因此记录以下日记账。

支付报酬51,000日元 / 存款55,000日元
临时支付消费费税4,000日元

如果免税经营者A开具的发票明确区分主价50,000日元和消费税5,000日元,那么源泉预扣税将是主价50,000日元,而不是含税价55,000日元。

在这种情况下,付款人在计入日记帐时会假定支付的报酬为 51,000 日元,但不会假定预扣税款也为 51,000 日元。

由于发票明确区分了主要价格和消费税金额,预扣税款应按主要价格 50,000 日元征收。

公布公寓评价通知的宗旨

首先

本节将介绍 2024年1月1日之后适用于继承和赠与的公寓新估值方法。

对象是分类登记的

在新的估价方法下,公寓单位的继承税评估值是将旧方法下的评估值乘以 "分割所有权修正 率 "计算得出的。

适用的 "分割所有权修正率 "将根据 "估值偏差率等 "确定,该偏差率基于公寓的楼龄、总层数以及待估值公寓单位所在的层数等因素。

"分割所有权修正率 "将把公寓的继承税评估价值至少提高到相当于其市场价值(理论价值)的 60%。 "分割所有权修正率 "仅适用于已注册的分割建筑物的建筑物。

可以注册为独立建筑物但在纳税时未注册为独立建筑物的建筑物(如继承或捐赠)不属于此类,也不受 "分割所有权修正率 "的限制。

适用于登记册上包含“住宅”的房产

本通知适用的共有产权建筑范围不包括 "两层或两层以下(不含地下室)的共有产权建筑 "和 "拥有三间或三间以下*唯一*用于居住的房间,且所有房间均用于相关单元业主或其亲属居住的共有产权建筑"。

因此,即使是共有产权房产,低层多单元行政楼和两户住宅也不适用 "分割所有权修正率 "。 另外,商业承租物业和单栋出租公寓也不包括在内,因为它们在流动性和其他因素方面与住宅物业有很大不同。
*供居住用途:指作为该人生活据点使用的自家住宅。

不能成为新评价方法对象的物件

不能成为新评价方法对象的物件如下所示。

  • 在纳税时未作为区分建筑物登记的建筑物。
  • 商业租户
  • 在一栋楼中所有的出租公寓
  • 低层公寓楼(两层或两层以下的低层公寓)
  • 两户住宅

但是,由于房间的专用部分在结构上能够主要用于居住目的,因此,即使在征税时该房间实际用作办公室,只要其在结构上能够主要用于居住目的,"分割所有权修正率 "也适用,就像用于 "居住目的 "一样。

新的评价方法

公寓一室的继承税评价额=用地利用权的价格+区分所有权的价格(固定资产评价额×1.0×分类所有修正率)

评价水平 要应用的分类
所有权修正率
继承税评价额
影响
1.0以上 评价离解率 降低
0.6以上1.0以下 不适用
小于0.6 评价离解率×0.6 提升

折回贷款的利用

首先

资产负债表和损益表在银行贷款过程中都很重要,并不是说其中一个比另一个更重要。 本文将介绍资产负债表。

什么是“折回贷款”?

所谓“折回贷款 ",就像马拉松式的周转,即在贷款后已偿还一半贷款额(即一半期限已过),然后再借一笔相同金额和期限的新贷款,用新贷款提前偿还旧贷款。 也就是说,实际的资金筹措额是为贷款额的1/2。

我们来看一个具体的例子。贷款金额3,000万日元,期限5年,每月50万日元×60等额本金还款。 贷款按约定偿还,2年零6个月后,贷款余额为 1,500 万日元,是原来金额的一半。

此时,申请人申请与原来相同的贷款,“贷款金额3,000万日元,期限5年,每月50万日元×60等额本金还款”。请注意,申请的条件是用新贷款偿还旧贷款余额 1,500 万日元。贷款获得批准后,将发放新贷款3,000万日元,同时偿还旧贷款1,500万日元。

因此,“新贷款3,000万日元-旧贷款偿还1,500万日元” 手头资金将增加1,500万日元。

“折回贷款”的优点

“折回贷款”的最大优点是贷款获批的可能性很大。这是因为该贷款有“还款记录”,即已成功偿还原贷款期的一半。

新贷款的金额和期限与原贷款相同,因此每月还款额也相同。 只要公司情况没有发生重大变化,贷款很可能会获得批准。 即使公司的情况略有恶化,成功偿还原贷款期限一半的 "还款记录 "也很有价值。

例如,日本政策金融公库的“国民生活事业”更注重还款记录,因为它无法检查存款账户中存款和提款的实时变动情况。 这是一个获得 "折回贷款 "的机会。

公司处境困难时,有必要确保手头有资金,因此在这种情况下要积极主动地申请 "折回贷款"。另外, 如果公司状况比最初获得贷款时要好,就一定要尝试协商 "增加金额的返还贷款"。

"折回贷款 "的缺点

“折回贷款”没有什么特别的缺点,但贴在契据贷款的贷款协议上的印花作为费用发生。与在五年内还清原来贷款后申请相同金额的贷款相比,需要支付更多的印花税。

还必须注意的是,“折回贷款”以提前偿还旧贷款为条件。 必须仔细检查提前还款是否有罚金。

金融机构负责人很忙,不能指望他们主动向偿还了一半长期贷款的客户提供“返还贷款”。请理解,“折回贷款” 应由公司向金融机构提出。

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  • Russell Bedford
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