NEWS

NEWS

NEWS

2024.08.27

整理定额减税调整福利的要点

首先

个人的纳税额有时低于定额减税的减税额。在这种情况下,市区町村会将提供调整补贴。

什么是调整补贴?

如果根据纳税人本人以及同一生计配偶和抚养亲属计算的定额减税可能额超过相关纳税人2024年的所得税额或2024年的个人居民税所得割额,则向其支付调整补贴。

根据这些超出金额的总和计算出的金额由市区町村支付。

支付调整补贴时
2024年所得税额或
2024年的个人居民税所得割额<定额减税可能额


如果纳税人本人的总收入超过1,805万日元,则不属于定额减税的对象,因此不会获得任何调整补贴。预计实际获得调整补贴的纳税人数约为2,300万左右。

什么时候开始支付

市区町村计算调整后的福利金额和进行其他行政处理的标准行政处理日期定为2024年6月3日。因此,从根本上讲,预计支付期将在2024年夏季之后。这是根据2023年的收入情况支付的初始补助金,大约是预计不会通过定额减税提取的金额。

此后,在确定2024年的实际所得税和定额减税额之后,如果金额不足以支付上述初始福利,则将支付不足额金额。不足额支付补贴预计将从2025年开始实施。定额减税手续本身也会执行两次,一次是每月工资中的月度减税,一次是在年终调整中结算的年度减税,而调整福利预计也会执行两次,一次是初始补助金,一次是不足额补贴。

定额减税额和支付金额是?

调整补贴的金额根据个人情况而不同。基本上,补助金是定额可减税额减去实际减税额后的金额。

定额可减税额取决于纳税人本人、同一生计配偶、抚养亲属的人数而定,单身纳税人的最高限额为4万日元,有抚养配偶和两个孩子的纳税人的最高限额为16万日元。

如果最高限额为16万日元,而纳税人的所得税金额为3万日元,居民税所得比列为2万日元(均为定额减税前)的情况,则将支付11万日元的调整补贴。

领取补助需要什么手续?

预计符合条件的人将在今年夏天晚些时候收到市区町村寄来的文件。各市町村已经下发了文件,但预计各市町村在这方面会有一定的差异。

需要将从市区町村收到的文件寄回,申请有截止日期。需要注意的是,如果错过了这一期限,可能无法领取补助金。

不过,在某些情况下,如果员工已经注册了领取公款的账户,则不需要办理返还手续,请向各市町村咨询。请注意,这些手续应由员工个人办理,公司方面无需办理任何手续。

跳蚤市场应用程序等的发票对应

首先

在跳蚤市场应用程序等购买商品时,由于购买方是匿名的,所以有人认为不能在账簿上记载其姓名和名称,不能接受过渡性措施的适用。添加了对此的回答。

古董商的情况

更新后的“常见问题”中,说明了跳蚤市场应用程序等相关的进项税额扣除的适用关系。接受古董营业法上的许可经营古董营业的古董商,用跳蚤市场应用软件进行古董的采购,如果该供应商是开具发票的企业,通过领取并保存简易发票,可以适用进项税额扣除。

供应商不是开具发票的企业,只保存记载了一定事项的帐簿,适用供应商税额扣除(古董商特例)。如果对价总价值在1万日元以上,根据旧物营业法,旧物台帐需要记载其供应商的地址和姓名等。适用古董商特例规定,消费税法上的账簿上也需要记载供应商的地址和姓名,所以必须对供应商进行确认。

另一方面,如果对价总价值低于1万日元,原则上旧物台帐不需要记载供应商的地址和姓名等。根据古董商特例规定,旧物台帐不需要记载供应商的地址和姓名等,消费税法上的帐簿也不需要记载,所以即使供应商匿名交易也可以适用古董商特例。

如果不是古董商

对于古董商以外的企业,如果通过跳蚤市场应用程序等从发票开具企业以外的人处购买办公用品等,则可根据特定条件适用允许扣除相当于进项税额的80%和50%的过渡措施。由于假定企业不是古董商,因此不适用针对古董商等的特殊规定。

为了符合过渡性措施的条件,必须在单独发票等上注明“文件编制人的姓名或职称”,并在账簿中注明“课税购买交易方的姓名或职称”。作为这些条目的一部分,已指出允许输入“跳蚤市场应用程序等的名称和跳蚤市场应用程序等的账户名称”。

跳蚤市场应用程序交易屏幕的电子存储作为分类发票也是允许的,但应注意的是,在这种情况下,必须按照电子账簿保存法的要求进行存储。

古董商进货 古董商以外的经营者
一万日元以上 不到一万日元
可确认本人 可适用古董商特列 可适用古董商特列 80%・50%
过渡措施
可确认本人 不属于旧物营业法管辖范围 可适用古董商特列 80%・50%
过渡措施

古董商特列只能适用于作为存货的采购,因此,如果古董商不进行采购,他们也不在上表之列。

补助午餐时的课税关系

首先

好不容易作为福利的一环补助了午餐,但却要对补贴午餐征收工资税,效果也会减弱。如果要补贴午餐,最好以不产生工资税的方式处理。

提供餐饮是一种经济效益。

在所得税法上,除了工资、奖金等金钱的支付以外,公司对员工等进行的经济利益的提供原则上也作为工资被课税。例如,金钱的无利息、低利息贷款和商品的无偿、定额转让等。

不过,某些付款由于没有提供经济利益而免税。提供膳食就是一个例子。

公司对员工等支付饮食时,满足以下条件时可免税。

  1. 员工等必须支付至少一半的餐费。
  2. 公司的补助额每月不含税3,500日元以下。

关于伙食费的标准额

关于餐费,根据是否购买便当等以及在公司食堂支付公司准备的餐费,标准金额有所不同。

【购买便当等支付的情况】
标准金额=支付给商家的购买金额

【员工食堂等支付公司制作的食物时】
标准额=食材的材料费+调味料费+其他制作食物直接花费的费用的合计额


准备膳食的直接成本总额,包括配料和调味品的成本为标准,重要的是,员工至少承担这些成本的一半。

这只适用于以实物形式支付餐费的情况,如将餐食作为便当准备。

例如,员工等在饮食店支付餐费,根据其收据等公司进行实际费用结算时,由于向员工等支付了餐费,因此即使满足上述1. 2.的条件,补助的全额也会作为工资被课税。

但是,如果公司根据与特定餐厅签订的合同向餐厅支付餐费,而不是与员工结算实际费用,则如果满足上述1. 2.的条件就可以免税。因为这等同于以实物支付餐费。

显然,公司是否直接向员工支付金钱是非常重要的。

不是午餐而是加班时的夜宵呢?

如果以实物形式向加班或值班的员工支付餐费而不是午餐费,即使员工不承担全部餐费,也可以免税,因为这是一种对加班的补偿。

不过,即使在这种情况下,原则上也必须由雇员全额承担。请注意,如果在工资中加入餐费补贴,或直接将现金作为餐费上交,则需缴纳工资税。

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  • Russell Bedford
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