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2025.05.30

购买大阪-关西博览会门票费用的税务处理

首先

大阪·关西世博会的入场券从令和5年11月开始发售。公司购买世博会门票的支出应如何进行税务处理才是恰当的呢。以下是具体的会计处理和税务申报上的注意点的解说。

原则上是作为销售促进费

法人出于促销等目的向客户发放入场券,则购买入场券的费用不作为招待交际费等处理,而作为促销费等处理。此外,购买入场券作为员工在娱乐或休闲活动而中参观时的交通费和住宿费,均作为福利费用处理。如果参观者包括员工的家属,则享受同样的待遇。

大阪·关西万博会是一项促进互动文化交流和传播日本尖端技术的国家项目。公司购买入场券并交付给客户的行为与邀请观看戏剧等的费用性质不同,不属于交际费。

鉴于世博会的性质等,可能会向集团公司的分包商、分包商或业务合作伙伴广泛发放入场券,以便通过提升形象促进销售和广告宣传。在这种情况下,购买门票的费用属于促销费和广告宣传费等。

但是,如果母公司对子公司或相关公司的员工等发放入场券,则需要注意。这一行为可能被视为母公司代替其子公司或相关公司承担对本公司员工的福利费用。其结果是,可能会作为对子公司和相关公司的捐款来处理,因此需要慎重的应对。

购买入场券的消费税是“不课税”

接下来是对消费税处理的解释。根据《消费税法》,世博会入场券属于“物品邮票等”。因此,为征收消费税而进行的应税购买不是在购买时确认,而是在实际交换商品或服务时确认。

因此,以促进销售为目的购买的入场券无偿交付给客户时,在购买时不能进行课税采购。另外,在向客户无偿交付时,由于不满足消费税的课税条件,所以是“不课税”。购买时也是“不课税”,交付时也是“不课税”的处理。将入场券交付给客户,由客户使用时,则购买者无权享受购置税抵免。

分发给员工,使用入场券时可适用购置税抵免

与为促销目的购买的门票一样,为员工福利目的购买的门票在购买时是“不课税”的。但是,在员工福利用途的情况下,用户不是客户,而是本公司的员工,因此可以在员工使用门票时申请购置税抵免。通过设置员工实际使用入场券时接受事后报告的结构等,就可以准确地申请购置税抵免。

【实务上的注意事项】

  1. 明确区分入场券的购买目的,不要混淆促销目的和福利目的。
  2. 是福利的话,如果事先决定员工实际使用的证明方法,日后的税务调查等也能顺利应对。
  3. 母公司为子公司员工入场。

LED更换费用的处理

首先

令和5年秋在瑞士召开了“水银相关水俣条约第5次缔约国会议(COP5)”。会上达成了一项协议,即令和9年12月末之前逐步淘汰用于普通照明的荧光灯的生产和进出口。未来,荧光灯向LED灯的过渡将进一步加快。因此,过渡到LED成本的税务处理成为一个重要问题。

是“修理费”还是“资本支出”?

考虑更换法人实体在其经营场所和其他地方使用的照明装置的问题。在税收方面,应该如何处理用LED取代传统荧光灯的支出?

是在法人税法上作为“修缮费”可以计入损益,还是作为“资本性支出”计入资产并作为折旧的对象,在实务上经常成为问题。“修缮费”是指恢复和维护资产所需的费用。这项支出原则上可以计入该事业年度的损益。

另一方面,增加资产价值或延长可用期的支出属于“资本支出”。这种情况下,原则上计入固定资产,通过折旧进行费用化。那么,从荧光灯LED的交换属于哪一种呢。

国税厅答疑案例中的修缮费

与荧光灯相比,LED通常具有更优越的节能性能。使用寿命也更长。因此,“功能改进”和“延长使用期限”在很多情况下都是允许的。因此,很难统一认定为修缮费用。在某些情况下,这可能属于资本支出。

但是,国税厅公布的“关于法人税的提问回答事例”中有重要的记载。本案例研究涉及用LED替换照明设备中的荧光灯。如果更换是为了修理或改进而进行的,并且其金额在正常要求的范围内,则可以将该费用视为修理费用。因此LED的更换在资产的维持管理和老化对策等通常的修缮范围内进行的情况下,可以作为修缮费处理,是实务上重要的要点。

更新大型或整体照明系统时要注意

另一方面,更大规模的更新需要谨慎。对整栋大楼或多个楼层进行大规模的LED转换,可能会有不同的处理方法。这同样适用于照明系统的全面升级,包括改变照明布置。如果涉及性能的大幅提升或便利性的显著改善,则更有可能作为资本支出处理。在这种情况下,应注意会计处理。

判断是修理费还是资本性支出的基准

用LED替换荧光灯的成本处理取决于替换的目的、内容和规模。有些费用被视为“修理费”,而有些则被视为“资本支出”。

参考国税厅的提问回答事例,如果在维持现状的范围内,金额也在通常的范围内,原则上可以作为修理费处理。但是,如果进行了大规模更新或功能显著提高,则可能将其视为资本支出。根据交易的实际情况进行适当的税务处理,并进行适当的会计处理和保存必要的文件,可在日后进行税务审计时高枕无忧。

夫妇连生团信是?

首先

在办理房屋贷款时,大多数金融机构都要求购买团体信用人寿保险。

近年来,随着双职工家庭的增加,“夫妻联生团信”这一选择越来越受到关注,有报道称,这种保险正变得越来越受欢迎。

团体信用人寿保险(团信)适用于抵押合同持有人死亡或严重残疾的情况。此时,人寿保险公司将代投保人向金融机构支付相当于剩余贷款余额的保险金。

双收入夫妇经常使用的双人贷款是夫妻双方各自购买团体人寿保险。然而,只有死亡或严重残疾的借款人才能获得抵押贷款减免。其余债务人一般不会获得免除。这意味着在家庭收入减少的同时,幸存的配偶必须继续偿还自己的贷款。

新型団信的样貌、夫妇连生団信

这几年正在普及的是“夫妇连生团信”。夫妻联生团信利率通常高于配对贷款的团信。但是,如果夫妇中的任何一方处于死亡或高度障碍的状态,另一方债务人的住宅贷款余额也根据保险金为0日元。由此,住宅贷款将被视为偿还。

关于这对夫妇联生团信,一方的债务人成为死亡或者高度障碍的状态的情况下的处理被关注。向该债务人支付的保险金是免税的。另一方面,关于另一方债务人的住宅贷款余额的偿还部分,也有观点认为,作为获得经济利益的部分,是否属于暂时收入。

配对贷款(各单独债务)夫妻联生团信
债务人丈夫(主债务人)
妻子(主债务人)
丈夫(主债务人)
妻子(连带债务人)
借款余额
2000万円
夫:1000万日元
妻子:1000万日元
負債:2000万日元
丈夫死亡等的情况丈夫:余额1000万日元
→0日元
妻子:余额1000万日元(剩)
夫妻:余额2000万日元
→0日元
夫妻贷款还清
妻子死亡等的情况丈夫:余额1000万日元(剩)
妻子:余额1000万日元
→0日元
夫妻:余额2000万日元
→0日元
夫妻贷款还清

令和7年度税制改正的变更点

由于夫妻联生团信有关的税务处理因合同条款而异,本文的解说是一般情况。

表中的案例考虑了丈夫(主要债务人)在偿还抵押贷款过程中死亡的情况。妻子的还款由夫妻共同连带责任人免税,属于临时收入,应缴纳所得税。相反,如果作为共同债务人的妻子去世,而丈夫的房贷余额被免除,这也属于临时收入。

另一方面,如果妻子(丈夫)因严重残疾而解除了抵押贷款,则情况并非如此。在这种情况下,全部金额似乎都可以免税。在某些情况下,残疾人的配偶可以领取保险金。

如果以残疾为由支付保险金,则有通知称保险金也可免税。同样的方法也被认为适用于关于夫妻联生团信。

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