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2024.06.27

确认餐饮费和公司内餐饮费的具体例子

首先

有关餐饮费或公司内部餐饮费的具体有哪些内容是属于这个范围,像这样的烦恼是现在常见的情问题。

餐饮费的范围

餐饮费的定义是“交际费等中的饮食及其他类似行为(饮食等)所需的费用”,将具体说明哪些费用是属于此范围类别。

本公司的员工接待顾客等发生的“餐饮费”等当然属于餐饮费。

此外,开展业务和举办活动时向顾客提供的“便当费”也属于餐饮费。

但是,在这种情况下,假定食物会在提供后的合理时间内被吃掉或消耗掉,因此没有必要分别确定餐饮费用和餐桌费用。

此外,在餐厅用餐或饮酒后,将餐厅提供的食物和饮料等带回家所需的“礼物费”以及为用餐和饮酒而花费的“餐桌费和服务费”等,也属于餐饮费。

不适用于单纯的饮食赠答

另一方面,单纯的赠送食物组合的行为,和所谓的中元·岁暮并无不同,因此不包括在吃饮食和其他类似活动中。

因此,“赠送食物组合所需的费用”不属于餐饮费,属于交际费等。除此之外,接送客户往返餐馆和其他类似活动的“送迎费用”也不属于餐饮费。

公司内餐饮费的范围

餐饮费的范围不包括“公司内餐饮费(专门用于招待相关法人的董事或员工或其亲属等)”。因此,即使公司内餐饮费每人低于1万日元,原则上也属于交际费等。

如果即使为了招待1个客户,但需要大量员工参与招待,则不属于公司内餐饮费。

但是,如果只是形式上让客户等员工参加,可能会相当于公司内餐饮费,所以要注意。

另外,如果多次用餐和饮料被视为一次行为,则将根据该行为的餐饮费总额来确定每人的费用是否低于1万日元。

例:尽管食品和饮料等实质上是在同一家餐厅消费,但被视为分期付款时。


需要注意的是,如果将同一吃喝等行为的金额分摊并控制在1万日元以下,或者伪造对方进行记载等,被视为隐瞒或掩饰事实,可能会被产生高额的附加税,应尽量避免。

商品券的妥善处理和税务上的注意事项

首先

购买商品券时的税务处理与购买其他物品时不同,所以交际费的总帐上写着商品券这样的文字时,一定会在税务调查中进行检查。

管理帐簿

如果购买商品券赠送给客户和其他顾客,并将其作为礼品实际赠送,那么是否会在账簿上清楚地注明赠送日期、公司名称、收礼人负责人姓名和赠送金额?如果年底还有商品券剩余,有将其作为储藏品计入资产?

很多情况下,商品券按购买日期一次性记录为交际费,而不检查期末剩余金额。

由于在税务审计时几乎不可能记起几年前发生的所有事情,因此实际上有必要记账。

不服国税法院的裁决

也有不承认纳税人的主张,购买商品券的全额费用不作为损失金的情况。

即使纳税人确实将商品券交给了收礼人并将其作为交际费,如果不能详细解释商品券的细节,纳税人也很有可能不被允许将商品券列为可扣除费用。

在这种情况下,国家税务上诉法庭做出了如下决定。法庭的立场是,要将购买商品券的费用列入可扣除支出,就必须详细说明商品券的用途、收件人和发放日期。

然而,在许多情况下,纳税人无法充分提供这些信息,导致商品券的购买成本无法扣除。

  • 商品券使用列表中有年月、公司名称和关系的记载,但没有记载具体的发放日期、发放对象的姓名、地址和金额。
  • 也没有关于商品券库存的资料。
  • 无法确定商品券的具体发放情况和财务年度结束时商品券的剩余情况。
  • 不得不说商品券的用途不明。
  • 既然用途不明,也不清楚是否存在业务联系。
  • 商品券的购买费用不属于交际费,不计入损失金。

啤酒券和邮票等也一样

啤酒券、邮票和印花税票等货币等价物也是如此。虽然商品券往往因其价格昂贵而备受关注,但商店出售的商品券基本上都是同样的待遇。

无论是在公司内部使用还是作为礼品赠送给其他公司,都不是在购买时就可以抵税的。实际使用或赠送或分发的时间才是列入可扣除费用的时间。

因此,期末剩余的任何现金等价物都应作为储藏品计入资产。

应特别注意在期末临近的时候购买大量货币等价物的情况,因为它们很容易被看出来。

利用交通IC卡进行经费管理的诀窍

首先

费用结算过程已经很麻烦,但经营的公司不止一家,那就更麻烦了。这次就给大家介绍一下交通IC卡的使用技巧。

交通IC卡充值不是费用

首先,大前提是,即使有交通IC卡充值的收据,这也不属于费用。充值时的收据只是“押金”,不能作为费用。

这是因为具体费用尚未发生。只有在使用充值余额时,才能将其确认为费用。不要误解这一点,只保留充值的收据。

例如,如果您是两家公司(A公司和B公司)的总裁,那么一张交通IC卡上可能会有三种不同类型的支出:A公司的支出、B公司的支出以及不计入支出的个人支出。

这会使费用报销变得非常复杂,而且很容易出错,例如A公司的费用被B公司报销,或个人费用被计入费用。

使用多张交通IC卡

防止此类错误的一个可行办法是使用多张交通IC卡。

例如,Suica(JR东日本)只能用于支付A公司的费用,PASMO只能用于支付B公司的费用,而ICOCA(JR西日本)只能用于支付个人的费用。如果在每张交通IC卡上都写上公司名称,如A公司或B公司,就不会出错。

Suica:仅用于A公司的费用
PASMO:仅用于B公司的费用
ICOCA:仅用于个人消费


如果经营的是一家公司,可以用Suica支付所有旅费交通费,用PASMO支付所有消耗品费。这些卡还可以进一步细分,因为可以拥有多张相同类型的交通IC卡,而不必将其分为不同类型。

不仅是塑料制的卡,智能手机应用程序也可以进行同样的运用。

SFCard Viewer的灵活使用

最后一步需要适用索尼提供的SFCard Viewer。如果购买了支持此功能的读卡器,就可以将IC卡放在读卡器上,使用过的内容就会立即转换成CSV。

关于SFCard Viewer 2
SFCard Viewer 2最多可查看Kitaca、Suica、TOICA、ICOCA、SUGOCA、SAPICA、icsca、PASMO、manaca、PiTaPa、PASPY、nimoca、Hayakaken等,电车的使用履历和余额最多可以确认20件。从最新的开始按顺序一览显示日期、乘降站、金额。用于交通费的结算等很方便。可输出为CSV文件或文本文件。


这样,错综复杂的费用结算工作就变得简单多了。

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  • Russell Bedford
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